Cosmetics, also known as make-up, are substancesor products used to enhance or alter the appearance or fragrance of the body.Many cosmetics are designed for use of applying to the face and hair. They aregenerally mixtures of chemical compounds; some being derived from naturalsources (such as coconut oil), and some being synthetics. Common cosmeticsinclude lipstick, mascara, eye shadow, foundation, rouge, skin cleansers andskin lotions, shampoo, hairstyling products (gel, hair spray, etc.). A drug isany substance (other than food that provides nutritional support) that, wheninhaled, injected, smoked, consumed, absorbed via a patch on the skin, ordissolved under the tongue, causes a physiological change in the body. Acleaner is a type of industrial or domestic worker who cleans homes orcommercial premises for payment. Cleaners may specialize in cleaning particularthings or places, such as window cleaners. Cleaners often work when the peoplewho otherwise occupy the space are not around. In chemistry, a soap is a saltof a fatty acid. Household uses for soaps include washing, bathing, and othertypes of housekeeping, where soaps act as surfactants, emulsifying oils toenable them to be carried away by water. A detergent is a surfactant or amixture of surfactants with cleaning properties in dilute solutions. Thesesubstances are usually alkylbenzenesulfonates, a family of compounds that aresimilar to soap but are more soluble in hard water, because the polar sulfonate(of detergents) is less likely than the polar carboxylate (of soap) to bind tocalcium and other ions found in hard water. A chemical depilatory is a cosmeticpreparation used to remove hair from the skin on the body. Currently, commonactive ingredients are calcium thioglycolate or potassium thioglycolate, whichbreaks down the disulfide bonds in keratin and weakens the hair so that it iseasily scraped off where it emerges from the hair follicle.
This book will be an invaluable resource todevelopment chemists looking for leads in the formulation of a wide range ofproducts.