Concrete sleepers are one of the most important applications of a railway track system. The impact load characteristics and ultimate load carrying capacity of a prestressed sleeper, but the fatigue life of prestressed concrete sleepers is limited. The railway sleeper is a vital railway component that lies between the rail and the ballast. The important functions of sleepers include the following: uniform transfer and distribution of loads from the rail foot to ballast bed, provision of an anchorage for the fastening system, and the restraining of lateral, longitudinal, and vertical movement of the rails.
The Indian Railways is among the world’s largest rail networks. The Indian Railways network is spread over 115,000 km, with 12,617 passenger trains and 7,421 freight trains each day from 7,172 stations plying 23 million travelers and 3 million tones (MT) of freight daily. During FY 2016-17, the passenger traffic of Indian Railways grew 0.8 per cent to 8,219.38 million, with passenger revenue growth of 4.6 per cent at Rs 47,449.75 crore (US$ 7.37 billion).
Few Indian major players are as under:
· Alpine Housing Devp. Corpn. Ltd.
· Bemco Sleepers Ltd.
· Calcutta Springs Ltd.
· Concrete Techno Project Ltd.
· Concrete Udyog Ltd.
· Daya Concretes Pvt. Ltd.
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