Acetylene (C2H2) is known as one of the simplest and most significant chemical in the acetylene series. A compound of carbon and hydrogen, acetylene is a colorless, highly flammable gas that dissociates at normal to low pressures and needs to be stored in high-pressure tanks containing some porous material and acetone. It has active chemical property; it is easy to polymerize, synthesize and cause chemical reactions. Acetylene is the most common gas used for fueling cutting torches in both general industry and the mining industry. When mixed with pure oxygen in a cutting torch assembly, an acetylene flame can theoretically reach over 5700°F. Users of this type of equipment are generally familiar with the fire hazards associated hot flames and the production of hot slag. However, many users may not be aware of the unique characteristics of acetylene itself that create special hazards compared to other fuel gases. Physical Properties • Acetylene is a colorless gas. It has a garlic odor. The odor is due to presence of impurities of phosphorous and hydrogen sulphide. However, pure acetylene has pleasant odor. • It is insoluble in water but highly soluble in acetone and alcohol. Acetylene is transported under high pressure in acetone soaked on porous material packed in steel cylinders. • Its boiling point is –84°C. • It is lighter than air. It is somewhat poisonous in nature. • It burns with luminous flame and forms explosive mixture with air. Uses And Applications Acetylene has many commercial and technical applications. The most known application for acetylene is for oxyacetylene welding, cutting and heat treating. The majority of acetylene is use in the chemical synthesis process for the manufacturing of many organic compounds such as acetaldehyde and acetic acid. Few Indian Major Players are as under • Asiatic Gases Ltd. • Bombay Oxygen Acetylene Ltd. • Bombay Oxygen Gases Ltd. • Ellenbarrie Industrial Gases Ltd. • Mangalam Gases Ltd. • National Oxygen Ltd. • Premier Cryogenics Ltd. • Southern Gas Ltd. • Superior Air Products Ltd. • Vikas Industrial Gases Ltd.
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