Rapid construction and developing infrastructure is a common scenario due to urbanization and industrialization. The technical advancement and use of machinery have made this process so fast that the demand for construction materials has surged already. Concrete is the major construction material with huge demand.
Natural sand comes from the basement of the rivers, hence its supply is limited. Excessive extraction of natural sand causes environmental degradation. Hence an option was needed.
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M-Sand/ Crushed Sand- A Safer Alternative:
Equipment like cone crusher, impact crusher, and roll crusher and used to manufacture the M-Sand. It has emerged as an alternative to the river sand. The artificial sand is made by crushing granite rocks. The m sand shapes cubical in shape with rounded edges.
M Sand should have a particle size ranging from 150micron to 4.75mm in proper ratios. The sand should have fine particles to minimize the voids. The small particles have a large surface area and hence their adhesion with cement is stronger. It also minimizes cement consumption.
Production:
M Sand is manufactured by passing boulders and stones through a series of jaw crushers for a size reduction and then moved to Vertical Shaft Impact crushers where they are reduced to fine particles. The VSI crushes them into angular and cubicle particles. It is further sent for washing to remove flaky particles. It is further ready to use in concrete.
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Advantages of using Manufactured Sand/ Artificial Sand:
- Fewer impurities
The artificial sand is free from rudimentary materials such as silt content, clay particles, or organic solubles and stones as well which affects its strength.
- Cost-Effective
Artificial sand can be manufactured near the construction site thus saves the transportation cost.
- Permeability
Artificial sand has dense packing than natural sand so it is less permeable as compared to naturally occurring sand.
- Good Mechanical Properties
It has a better crushing strength, good abrasion strength, higher abrasion rate, greater surface area.
- Eco- Friendly
Using Manufactured Sand prevents dredging of the river beds. Dredging leads to environmental disasters such as groundwater depletion, soil erosion. Hence using artificial sand as a substitute is an eco-friendly step.
F. Compliant with Standard Guidelines
M Sand can be used as fine aggregates in concrete mixes, in accordance with Indian standard guidelines (IS 383:1970) or European Standards (EN 13139). The original M Sand has two grades for concreting and plastering. This saves time which is required to filter the natural sand.
Disadvantages:
The natural sand is smooth and round due to natural gradation, while M sand differs in structure. Hence more water and cement will be required to achieve the desired workability of concrete.
Production of manufactured sand involves processes such as fine crushing and separation which requires specialist knowledge and technology.
How to Check the Quality of M Sand?
- Fetch a glass of water and pour some M sand into it. Shake it gently and allow the sand to settle down. If clay content is detected then it is a poor grade, M Sand.
- Any shiny substance in the M sand is an indication of impurity.
● A good quality M sand should have fewer clay particles in it. (Less than 8%).
● M Sand is manufactured in three standard forms.
M Sand for concrete Zone- IS 383
M Sand for Block Work - IS 2116
M Sand for Plaster Work- IS 1542
You can get better results by using the appropriate grade sand.
NIIR PROJECT CONSULTANCY SERVICE (NPCS) has made a report on using M- Sand as an alternative to the river sand. The project aims for assessing market potential, negotiating with collaborators, and investment making decisions in a planned manner by forecasting financial aspects by estimating the cost of manufacturing material. Many firms have taken advantage of the reports made by NPCs.
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