Beekeeping is the raising and caring for honeybees so that honey can be harvested from them. Beekeeping (or apiculture) is the maintenance of honey bee colonies or hives. These social species of honey bees live in large colonies of up to 100,000 individuals. A beekeeper or apiarist keeps bees in order to collect honey and beeswax or to pollinate crops or to produce bees for sale to other beekeepers. A location where bees are kept is called an apiary or "bee yard". Apiculture means a scientific method of rearing insects that can produce honey and wax.
Honey processing involves the removal of wax and any other foreign materials from honey.
Advantages of beekeeping as an income generation activity
· Bee keeping requires less time, money and infrastructure investments
· Honey and beeswax can be produced from an area of little agricultural value
· The Honey bee does not compete for resources with any other agricultural enterprise.
· Beekeeping has positive ecological consequences. Bees play an important role in the pollination of many flowering plants, thus increasing the yield of certain crops such as sunflower and various fruits.
· Honey is a delicious and highly nutritious food. By the traditional method of honey hunting many wild colonies of bees are destroyed. This can be prevented by raising bees in boxes and producing honey at home.
· Beekeeping can be initiated by individuals or groups
· The market potential for honey and wax is high
Market Outlook
India exported 38,177.08 MT of natural honey to the world worth Rs 706 crore during the fiscal year 2015-16. The industry is growing at around 15 per cent currently. The honey market is growing consistently at 30 to 40% and there is scope for further growth as people turn to healthier food options. The per capita honey consumption in India is still quite low (8 to 10 gm) compared to Europe (2.8 kg).
India exported 38,177.08 metric tonne (MT) of natural honey to the world in FY2016, with United States, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Morocco and Bangladesh being the biggest export destinations.
The global market for Honey is projected to reach 2.4 million tons by 2022, driven by the growing consumer preference for natural and healthy alternatives to artificial sweeteners, rising awareness over the benefits of honey over granulated cane sugar, and anti-inflammatory properties. The future growth in the market will be driven by both food and non-food uses of honey. Consumer demand for honey for use in a range of home remedies such as weight reduction, improved digestion, prebiotic support, acne cure, exfoliator etc. bodes well for volume gains in the market. In the food industry, manufacturers’ efforts to produce all-natural, organic, low-fat and low-calorie food and beverage will benefit the use of honey as a key ingredient in most food recipes. Asia-Pacific represents the largest and the fastest growing market with a CAGR of 5.2% over the analysis period led by growing population, rising awareness over the medical effects of honey and the ensuing increase in honey-based diets, growing healthcare spending, and growing prominence of preventive healthcare.
The average honey yield in Punjab is 35 kg per bee colony per year, with a maximum 80,000 bees. The average national yield is 15.32 kg per colony per year and the average international yield 28.
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