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How to Manufacture Disinfectants, Soaps and Detergents
Soapsand detergents are used frequently in our daily life. We use them to wash ourhands and clean our clothes without ever really paying attention to how theywork. Beneath the plain white surface of a bar of soap lies an intriguinghistory and a powerful chemistry. It has been said that amount of soap anddetergent consumed in a country is a reliable measure of its civilizations.There was a time when these products were luxury; now it is a necessity. Adisinfectant or agent that frees from infection is ordinarily a chemical agentwhich kills disease germs or other harmful microorganisms and is applied toinanimate objects. The specific way in which a disinfectant agent is used isdependent on both the desired objective and the infectious agent present. Theterm detergent by itself refers specifically to laundry detergent or dishdetergent, as opposed to hand soap or other types of cleaning agents.Detergents are commonly available as powders or concentrated solutions.Detergents work because they are amphiphilic partly hydrophilic (polar) andpartly hydrophobic (non polar). Their dual nature facilitates the mixture ofhydrophobic compounds (like oil and grease) with water.