Description:
Agriculture in Saudi Arabia is focused on the export of dates, dairy products, eggs, fish, poultry, fruits, vegetables, and flowers to markets around the world. The government of Saudi Arabia is heavily involved in the agriculture industry, and the ministry of agriculture (part of the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture) is primarily responsible for the agricultural policies in the nation. The private sector also plays a role in the nation's agriculture, as the government offers long-term interest-free loans and low-cost water, fuel, electricity, and duty-free imports of raw materials and machinery. Still, Saudi Arabia is dependent on imports to meet 70% of its food requirements.
Over the past decade, the agriculture of Saudi Arabia has drastically deteriorated. Although Saudi Arabia is widely thought of as a desert, it has regions where the climate has favoured agriculture. The government, in particular, has aided with this process by converting large areas of desert into agricultural fields. By implementing major irrigation projects and adopting large-scale mechanization, this has progressed in developing agriculture in the country, adding previously barren areas to the stock of cultivatable land.
Saudi Arabia exports wheat, dates, dairy products, eggs, fish, poultry, fruits, vegetables and flowers to markets around the world. Dates, once a staple of the Saudi diet, are now mainly grown for global humanitarian aid.
Mineral deposits in Saudi Arabia are widespread and of many types, ranging from gold to lightweight aggregate. The bulk of metallic mineral resources are contained in Precambrian rocks of the Arabian shield, in the western part of the country.
Saudi Arabia’s key natural resources include petroleum, natural gas, gold, copper, and iron ore. The country’s economy is primarily oil-based and is considered as the largest exporter of petroleum in the world.
Non-metallic resources are contained in both Precambrian rocks and Phanerozoic rocks that overlie the Arabian shield in the central and northern parts of the Kingdom.
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