How to Manufacture Petroleum, Greases, Lubricants & Petro Chemicals

Description:

Lubricants, greases andpetrochemicals are most versatile on the Industrial Plateau now a day. Thesignificance of Lubricants, Greases and specialty products in the day to dayfunctioning of nearly every machine part, instrument, appliance & device cannotbe over emphasized lubricants reduce friction & wear between rubbing parts,thereby enhancing their life. A lubricant is a substance introduced to reducefriction between moving surfaces. It may also have the function of transportingforeign particles. The property of reducing friction is known as lubricity. Thebroad types of lubricating oils are as under; crankcase oils, gear oils, metalworking oils, metal drawing oils, spindle and other textile oils, steam turbineoils. Synthetic lubricants have a higher viscosity index, but are less stableto oxidation. They are suitable for high temperature applications. In themodern industrial year, greases have been increasingly employed to cope with avariety of difficult lubrication problems, particularly those where the liquidlubricant is not feasible. Greases are essentially solid or semi solidlubricants consisting of gelling or thickening agent in a liquid lubricant.Greases and lubricants are one of the important products derived from crudepetroleum. Petroleum is formed by hydrocarbons (a hydrocarbon is a compoundmade up of carbon and hydrogen) with the addition of certain other substances,primarily sulphur. Petroleum in its natural form when first collected isusually named crude oil, and can be clear, green or black and may be eitherthin like gasoline or thick like tar. The principal product of petroleumrefining are motor gasoline, aviation gasoline, kerosene, jet fuels, dieselfuels, lubricating oils and fuel oils. Considerable quantities of petroleum wax,bitumen, liquid petroleum gases (LPG), industrial naphtha and coke are alsoproduced. Petrochemicals are chemicals made from petroleum (crude oil) andnatural gas. Petroleum and natural gas are made up of hydrocarbon molecules,which are comprised of one or more carbon atoms, to which hydrogen atoms areattached. The Indian lubricants industry claims to be the sixth largest in theworld. The petrochemical industry in India has been one of the fastest growingindustries in the country. This industry also has immense importance in thegrowth of economy of the country and the growth and development ofmanufacturing industry as well. 

Keywords: Crankcase Oils, Gear Oils, Metal Working Oils, Metal Drawing Oils, Spindle and Other Textile Oils, Steam Turbine Oils, Synthetic Lubricants, Miscellaneous Oils, Fatty Oils, Petrolatums as Lubricants, Asphalt, Petrolatums, Paraffin Wax, Thickeners, Solid Lubricants, Glass, Thickening Agents, Raw Materials, Cutting Oils