Ferroalloys have been developed to improve the properties of steels and alloys by introducing specific alloying elements in desirable quantities in the most feasible technical and economic way. Ferroalloys are usually classified in two groups: bulk (major) ferroalloys (produced in large quantities) and minor ferroalloys (produced in smaller quantities, but of a high importance). Bulk ferroalloys are used in steelmaking and steel or iron foundries exclusively, whereas the use of special ferroalloys is far more varied. About 85% to 90% of all ferroalloys are used in steelmaking; the remaining ferroalloys are used for nonferrous alloys (e.g., those that are nickel or titanium based) and by the chemicals industry. Today, almost all ferroalloys are produced in submerged arc furnaces where raw materials (ores), reductants (coke, silicon-based ferroalloys, aluminum), iron additions (iron ore or steel scrap), and fluxes (lime, magnesia, dolomite, limestone, fluorspar, etc.) are loaded and smelted, followed by the tapping of slag and metal. Ferroalloys Plays major role in Steel Production and industrial development. These are iron based alloys with varied elements introduced in steel making to cater to the specific needs. These are specified additions to the production of steel for various applications. Uses As deoxidizer, desulphurizer improves fluidity of liquid steel. Grain refinement, high-speed steels, HSLA steels, hot extrusion, tool and die steels. Grain refinement, HSLA steels stabilization in stainless steels. HSLA Steels, Stainless Steels, tool Steels, Cryogenic Steels. In forgings, rolled Products, castings, Structural and tool steels. Low-Carbon Steels Hadfield steels, austenitic Steels for addition to 18-8 type austenitic steels. For low-carbon high chromium steels-stainless Steel/irons. Deoxidation-killed, semi-skilled steels, Structural steels. High silicon, spring and electrical sheet steel as reductants. For low- carbon steel when silicon is not harmful, for producing low-carbon ferromanganese. For producing low-carbon ferrochrome. Market Survey The demand for ferro alloys has been increasing with that of alloy and special steels. At the beginning of the previous decade, it was about half-a-million tonnes, increased to over 700,000 tonnes by 1997-98 and reached the level of 1.20 mn tonnes in 2006-07. There are six leading players and over 30 small producers. The industry has tied up with companies in Europe for technology inputs. The major users of alloy steel are: auto industry, railways, forgings, tubes, springs and other engineering industries. The leading players are Alloy Steel (SAIL), Mukand (Advanced Design Materials Corp., USA), Mahindra Ugine, Sunflag Irons & Steel, Vishveshvarya Steel, Kalyani Steel, Panchmahal, Indian Seamless, Shah Alloy Kalyani Carpenter, Garg Furnace. Ferro manganese are alloys composed of iron and one or two more metals like Mn, Si, Ti, W etc. The ferro alloys have usually lower melting points than their respective alloying metals in pure stable form and thus, can be readily incorporated to obtain the metals as ferro alloys than in their pure terms starting from their ores. Ferro manganese is a principle alloying agent used in steel production steel/iron casting etc, where it also acts as a strengthener and deoxidizer. It imparts corrosion resistance to the products. Ferro manganese along with Fe-Si, Fe-Cr, is a bulk ferro-alloy, Manganese is also added in steels in the form of silico manganese. It dissolves in iron in all proportions, Iron for Farm implements uses up to 1.75% Mn and also in automobile parts. Ship construction industry uses steels with even higher content; riffle barrels and heat treated forgings necessarily use ferro manganese as an alloying additive. Few Major Players are as under :- Acme Ferro Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Alok Ferro Alloys Ltd. Andhra Ferro Alloys Ltd. Anjaney Ferro Alloys Ltd. Baheti Metal & Ferro Alloys Ltd. Balasore Alloys Ltd. Baroda Ferro Alloys & Inds. Ltd. Beco Engineering Co. Ltd. [Merged] Bhaskar Shrachi Alloys Ltd. Bhupco Alloys Ltd. Castron Technologies Ltd. Corporate Ispat Alloys Ltd. Cronimet Alloys India Ltd. Dandeli Ferro Pvt. Ltd. Facor Alloys Ltd. Ferro Alloys Corp. Ltd. Hi-Tech Electrothermics & Hydro Power Ltd. Hindustan Ferro & Inds. Ltd. Hira Ferro Alloys Ltd. Impex Ferro Tech Ltd. Indian Charge Chrome Ltd. [Merged] Indian Metals & Alloys Ltd. Indian Metals & Carbide Ltd. Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys Ltd. Indsil Hydro Power & Manganese Ltd. Jagat Alloys Pvt. Ltd. Jindal Ferro Alloys Ltd. [Merged] Karthik Alloys Ltd. Maharashtra Elektrosmelt Ltd. Maithan Alloys Ltd. Mishra Dhatu Nigam Ltd. Muskan Ferro Silicons Ltd. Nagpur Power & Inds. Ltd. Nav Chrome Ltd. [Merged] Quality Steels & Forgings Ltd. R G Foundry Forge Ltd. Sarda Energy & Minerals Ltd. Sharp Ferro Alloys Ltd. Shri Ganesh Ferro Alloys Ltd. Shri Girija Smelters Ltd. Shyam Century Ferrous Ltd. [Merged] Shyam Ferro Alloys Ltd. Silcal Metallurgic Ltd. Snam Alloys Ltd. Sova Ispat Alloys Ltd. Srinivasa Ferro Alloys Ltd. Standard Chrome Ltd. Star Metallics & Power Pvt. Ltd. Universal Ferro & Allied Chemicals Ltd. V B C Ferro Alloys Ltd. V B C Industries Ltd.