Telangana is a state in the Southern region of India. It has an area of 114,840 km2 and is the twelfth largest state in India. Most of it was part of the princely state of Hyderabad, ruled by the Nizam of Hyderabad during the British Raj, joining the Union of India in 1948. Telangana was separated from Andhra Pradesh as a new 29th state of India, with the city of Hyderabad as its capital. Hyderabad will continue to serve as the joint capital city for Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for a period of not more than ten years. Telangana is situated on the Deccan Plateau, in the central stretch of the eastern seaboard of the Indian Peninsula. It covers 114,800 square kilometers (44,300 sq. mi). The region is drained by two major rivers, with about 79% of the Godavari River catchment area and about 69% of the Krishna River catchment area, but most of the land is arid. Telangana region has rich natural resources. About 45 per cent of the forest area in Andhra Pradesh state is in Telangana region while 20 per cent of the country's coal deposits in the country are also found here. Telangana is also rich in limestone deposits that cater to cement factories. Telangana has other mineral resources like bauxite and mica. Perennial rivers Godavari and Krishna enter Andhra Pradesh in Telangana before flowing down through other regions and ending up in the Bay of Bengal. Telangana region is sitting on potential oil and natural gas reserves, according to a report by Director General of Hydrocarbons (DGH). Telangana has a significant amount of Software export in India. While majority of the Industry is concentrated over Hyderabad, the other cities are also becoming significant IT destinations in the state. Hyderabad's IT exports exceeded $7 billion in 2014.There have been extensive investments in digital infrastructure.
AGRICULTURE
Rice is the major food crop and staple food of the state. Other important crops are tobacco, mango, cotton and sugar cane. Agriculture has been the chief source of income for the state's economy. Important rivers of India are the Godavari, Krishna flow through the state, providing irrigation. Telangana agriculture department separated from Andhra Pradesh as part of Andhra Pradesh bifurcation It aims promote agricultural trade and to boost up the agricultural production and productivity in the Telangana.
TOURISM IN TELANGANA
Telangana State Tourism Development Corporation (TSTDC) is a state government agency which promotes Tourism in Telangana. Telangana has a variety of tourist attractions including historical places, monuments, forts, water falls, forests and temples. Charminar, Golconda Fort, QutbShahi Tombs, Chowmahalla Palace, Falaknuma Palace and Bhongir Fort, are some of the monuments in the state. The Charminar, built in 1591 CE, is a monument and mosque located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
Telangana with a population of 351.9 lakhs (according to the 2011 census) accounts for about 3.6% percent of the total population of India. Out of this, 177.0 lakhs (50.2%) are males and 174.9 lakhs (49.8%) are females. The sex ratio of the state is 988 as against the national figure of 943. The population density in the state is 307 persons/Sq.Km. In 2012-13, the services sector at Rs. 1, 14,046 crores, contributed 58.1% to the GSDP (at constant prices). It is followed by industry sector, contributing 27.9% (Rs. 54,687 crores) and the agriculture sector’s contribution of 14% (Rs. 27,450 crores). The services sector had fastest growth of 11.31% followed by industry sector (10.04%) and agriculture sector (6.89%) between 2004-05 and 2012-13.
The Telangana government has proposed to add 230 crore plants in the next three years under a flagship programme which envisages boosting of tree cover in the state by nearly 8%.
FOOD AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING SECTOR
The Telangana government plans to put greater emphasis on value-addition in the farm sector in its industrial policy. The departments of industry and commerce, agriculture and agro marketing would coordinate together to achieve value maximization for farmers. The government is also keen on encouraging e-marketing activities, which involves networking all agriculture mandis in the state so that farmers get access to prevailing prices across important markets and thereby helping them unlock the right value for their produce. The state in collaboration with research institutes in the country would facilitate an ideal adoption of latest practices ranging from seed technology and farm machinery to improve farm productivity. the state government is also considering specific projects such as setting up a pharmaceutical city near Hyderabad and a cotton hub in Warangal district, the largest producer of long-staple cotton. The Telangana government has begun a survey to identify land that can be offered to new industries in the state. The Telangana government is set to announce its new industrial policy under which scheduled castes and scheduled tribe entrepreneurs would be specially encouraged.
Telangana Government is mulling to set up a 'Pharma City' near the state capital in about 8,000 acres. The City will include industries as well as residential colony, and a power plant with 500 MW capacity will be set up adjacent to the pharma city to provide captive, dedicated and uninterrupted power supply to the industry. The pharma city is expected to accommodate about five lakh employees besides their families in the residential colony touching about twenty lakh over a period. Delegation of Drugs Manufacturers' Association that an international consultancy organisation with expertise in developing in the information technology and pharmaceuticals manufacturing sectors may become backbone of Telangana economy, leaving power production, ports and oil and natural gas to play a pivotal role in driving prosperity in the residuary state. Industrial estates should be contacted to design the pharma city. Telangana's per capita income of Rs 24,409 in 2004-05 has phenomenally grown to a whopping Rs 83,020. While Hyderabad has less number of households using open toilets at 0.9 per cent, Mahabubnagar is at 71.1 per cent. The land-locked state is expected to have nearly Rs 4,000 crore surplus budget, but lingering power deficit may force the new government to spend more on the power purchase. Telangana, spread in 1,14,840 square kilometres, has 66.46 per cent literacy rate with a population of 3.52 crore.
ECONOMY OF TELAGANA
The Economy of Telangana is mainly driven by agriculture. Two important rivers of India, the Godavari and Krishna, flow through the state, providing irrigation. Rice, cotton, mango and tobacco are the local crops. Recently, crops used for vegetable oil production such as sunflower and peanuts have gained favour. There are many multi-state irrigation projects in development, including Godavari River Basin Irrigation Projects and NagarjunaSagar Dam, the world's highest masonry dam. Telangana is a mineral-rich state, with coal reserves at SingaerniColleries. The population of Telangana is over 35 million now – much more than 30 million for the whole of Andhra Pradesh, including Telangana, at the time of its formation in 1956. The demands on governance have multiplied over this half a century. Apart from commitment to the development of the region, a smaller state being more easily accessible to the common people can intelligently and speedily grapple with their problems.
INDUSTRIAL POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR STATE OF TELANGANA
Industrialization will be the key strategy followed for economic growth and development for Telangana, the 29th state of the country. People of the new state have very high expectations from the Telangana State Government for creating jobs for the youth, promote development of backward areas, maximize growth opportunities by optimum utilization of the available resources, harness the talents and skills of the people etc. The Government of Telangana State realizes that industrial development requires large-scale private sector participation, with the government playing the role of a facilitator and a catalyst. The government is committed to provide a graft-free, hassle-free environment in which the entrepreneurial spirit of local, domestic and international investors will thrive to take up their industrial units in the state of Telangana as the preferred investment destination.
The new Telangana State Industrial Policy will be rooted in certain core values, as follows:
• The Government regulatory framework shall facilitate industrial growth
• Entrepreneurs will thrive in a peaceful, secure and progressive business regulatory environment
• Industrial development will lead to massive creation of jobs benefitting local youth
• Industrialization shall be inclusive and facilitate social equality
The new Telangana State Industrial Policy will strive to provide a framework which will not only stabilize and make existing industries more competitive, but also attract and realize new international and national investments in the industrial sector. It is expected that the most significant outcome of this approach will be the production of high quality goods at the most competitive price, which establishes “Made in Telangana-Made in India” as a brand with high global recognition. The Industrial Policy Framework has the following mandate for departments that have any responsibility in the industrialization of the State—Minimum Inspection and Maximum Facilitation.
The Government of Telangana State is determined to create an ecosystem in which the ease of doing business in the state matches and even exceeds the best global standards. Telangana State Government is aware that offering a hassle-free system is considered to be of the highest priority by the industrialists, and accordingly the government will implement a very effective industrial clearance system that will go beyond the traditional single window system.
THRUST AREAS AND CORE SECTORS
• Life Sciences including, bulk drugs, formulations, vaccines, nutraceuticals, biological, incubation centers, R&D facilities and medical equipment.
• IT Hardware including bio-medical devices, electronics, cellular communications.
• Precision engineering, including aviation, aerospace, defence.
• Food processing and nutrition products including dairy, poultry, meat and fisheries.
• Automobiles, Transport Vehicles, Auto-components, Tractors and Farm Equipment.
• Textiles and Apparel, Leather and leather value added products like shoes, purses, bags, artificial material infused and coated textiles, paper and paper products.
• Plastics and Polymers, Chemicals and Petro-chemical, glass and ceramics.
• FMCG and Domestic Appliances.
• Engineering and Capital Goods, including castings, foundry and Ferro-alloys and other metallurgical industries.
• Waste Management and Green Technologies.
• Renewable Energy and Solar Parks.
• Mineral-based and wood-based Industries.
• Transportation/Logistic Hub/Inland Port/Container Depot.
Telangana has emerged as a State that provides that right climate for the growth of IT business and is now one of the most preferred destinations in the Country.
The State of Telangana is poised towards creating a benchmark in Information & Communication Technology (ICT) endowed with a high quality state-of-the-art physical & communication infrastructure of international standards, harnessed human resources, and proactive business friendly policies of the Government.
It is estimated that about 20 lakh acres of land is available in the state that has been identified as unfit for cultivation in Telangana. Based on a detailed survey of these land parcels and identification of those parcels that are fit for industrial use, an industrial land bank for the State of Telangana will be developed.
The development of industrial and related infrastructure will be the responsibility of the Telangana State Industrial Infrastructure Corporation (TSIIC). The financial base of the TSIIC will be strengthened and it will be made to function as an effective organization. All lands in the State identified as fit for industrial use will be transferred to the TSIIC.
To support industrialization, the Government of Telangana will earmark 10% of water from all existing and new irrigation sources for industrial use. Water pipelines will be laid as a part of infrastructure creation for each industrial park by TSIIC. The Government of Telangana State recognizes that quality power and uninterrupted power supply are keys to the growth of the industrial sector. The State has a clear short-, medium-, and long-term plans to first overcome the power shortage and eventually become a power surplus state. Accordingly, uninterrupted power supply will be arranged in each industrial park. The Telangana State Government will encourage usage of non-conventional energy for industrial purposes.
The Telangana State Government is committed to encourage the process of industrialization by making various kinds of incentives available to the entrepreneurs. The Telangana State Government also assures an entrepreneur-friendly and graft-free regime of disbursing the incentives. The Telangana State Government will consider providing incentives to the entrepreneurs in the following areas-
• Stamp duty reimbursement
• Land conversion cost
• Investment subsidy
• VAT reimbursement
• Interest subsidy
• Clean production measures
• Reimbursement of infrastructure development costs etc.
A sound industrial policy has to ensure that the state taxation structure is conducive to industrial growth and state financial resource augmentation. Distortions in the tax structure leads to evasion of taxes and clandestine transport of industrial inputs and outputs to neighbouring states, which may have advantageous tax rates. The presence of important national and state highways, coupled with the availability of resources and opportunities, provides a great potential for development of industrial corridors in the state along these roadways.
The Industrial Corridors that will be developed initially will be:
1) Hyderabad-Warangal Industrial Corridor
2) Hyderabad-Nagpur Industrial Corridor
3) Hyderabad-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor
The new Industrial Policy brought out by the Government of Telangana promises to revolutionise the way industrial sector has been viewed by successive governments in this country. A day is not far when the new Industrial Policy of Telangana will shine as an exemplar among the best in the world.