PHOSPHINE GAS - Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Product Profile
Phosphine gas is defined as Phosphine that is in the gas phase, or phosphine that is above its boiling point of 85 degrees C. Phosphine gas is denser than air and hence may collect in low lying areas. It can form explosive mixtures with air and also self ignite. When phosphine burns it produces a dense white cloud of phosphorus pentoxide a severe respiratory irritant. Phosphine is probably a constituent of the atmosphere at very low and highly variable concentrations and hence may contribute to the global phosphorus biochemical cycle. The origin(s) of atmospheric phosphine is not certain. Possible sources include bacterial reduction of phosphate in decaying organic matter and the corrosion of phosphorus containing metals.
Product characteristics
Phosphine is a colourless gas which is highly flammable and explosive in air. The molecular formula of phosphine is PH3. Pure phosphine is odourless, although most commercially available grades have the odour of garlic or decaying fish due to the presence of substituted phosphine and diphosphine (P2H4). Phosphine is corrosive towards metals, in particular copper and copper containing alloys.
Applications
• The major uses of phosphine are as a fumigant during the storage of agricultural products such as nuts, seeds, grains, coffee and tobacco, and in the manufacture of semi-conductors.
• Phosphine is also used in the production of some chemicals and metal alloys
• Another use of phosphine is as a semi conductor doping agent by the electronics industry.
• Phosphine is used as rodenticide and fumigate during storage of agricultural commodities such as grain e.g. cereals and tobacco.
• Phosphine is also used as a catalyst in the production of polymers.
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Production of Phosphine
Phosphine may be produced in a variety of ways. Industrially it can be made by the reaction of white phosphorus with sodium hydroxide, producing sodium hypophosphite and sodium phosphite as a by-product. Alternatively the acid-catalyzed disproportioning of white phosphorus may be used, which yields phosphoric acid and phosphine. Both routes have industrial significance; the acid route is preferred method if further reaction of the phosphine to substituted phosphines is needed. The acid route requires purification and pressurizing. It can also be made (as described above) by the hydrolysis of a metal phosphide, such as aluminium phosphide or calcium phosphide. Pure samples of phosphine, free from P2H4, may be prepared using the action of potassium hydroxide on phosphonium iodide (PH4I).
Market scenario
Global demand for phosphine gas and derivative products is expected to remain strong and grow at around 10% for the next ten years. There is growing need in current markets including electronics, mineral processing, solvent extraction and fumigation.
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Plant & machinery |
Working capital |
Cost of Project |
T.C.I |
Return |
Break even |
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0 |
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0.01 |
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